The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Source Type | Ref ID | Ref Type | Periodical, Full | Periodical, Abbrev. | Pub Year | Pub Date Free Form | Volume | Issue | Start Page | Other Pages | Notes | Place of Publication | ISSN/ISBN | Accession Number | Language | SubFile | DOI | Output Language | PMID | Abstract | Descriptors | Links | Book Title | Database | Publisher | Data Source | Authors | Original/Translated Title | Author | URL | Date of Electronic | PMCID | Editors | SearchLink |
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| Tobacco use among students aged 13-15 years--Baghdad, Iraq, 2008 | Print(0) | 7592 | Journal Article | 0 | MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. | 2009 | 58 | 12 | 305 | 8 | ID: 19343010 | en | Unknown(0) | In 2008, Iraq's parliament ratified the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), which obligates participants to establish tobacco use monitoring, surveillance, and evaluation systems. Lack of data on adolescent tobacco use in Iraq led the Ministry of Health (MOH) to conduct the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in Baghdad in 2008. GYTS is a school-based survey of students aged 13--15 years that is self-administered in classes in selected schools. As in most Middle East countries, tobacco use in Iraq takes the form of cigarettes and shisha. Based on GYTS results, 7.4% of students aged 13--15 years reported having ever smoked cigarettes, 12.9% had ever smoked shisha, 3.2% currently smoked cigarettes, and 6.3% currently smoked shisha. Among never smokers aged 13--15 years, 13.0% reported they were likely to initiate cigarette smoking in the next year. Future declines in adolescent tobacco use in Iraq (and Baghdad) could be enhanced by expanding existing tobacco control programs to include prevention and cessation of the use of cigarettes and shisha, implementing measures that discourage adolescents who have never smoked from initiating tobacco use, expanding legislation to ban exposure to secondhand smoke in all indoor workplaces, and enacting legislation banning pro-tobacco advertising and sponsorship. | Smoking/epidemiology, Students, Adolescent, Advertising as Topic, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Iraq/epidemiology, Male, Public Policy, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/statistics & numerical data | http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-19343010 | MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ | Read more... | |||||||||||||||||
| Waterpipe smoking as a replacement for cigarette smoking | Print(0) | 6552 | Journal Article | 0 | Pharm.Ztg. | 2007 | 2007/08 | 152 | 34 | 30 | 0031-7136 | Unknown(0) | nicotine, tobacco smoke, smoking, human, note, risk reduction, water pipe smoking, world health organization | Wasserpfeife als einstieg fürs rauchen | Embase | Embase | Read more... | ||||||||||||||||||
| Youth tobacco surveillance--United States, 2000 | Print(0) | 895 | Journal Article | 0 | MMWR CDC Surveill.Summ. | 2001 | Nov 2 | 50 | 4 | 1 | 84 | LR: 20120329; JID: 8407977; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); EIN: MMWR CDC Surveill Summ 2001 Nov 23;50(46):1036; ppublish | United States | PMID: 11902401 | eng | Journal Article; IM | Unknown(0) | 11902401 | PROBLEM/CONDITION: Tobacco use is the single leading preventable cause of death in the United States, accounting for approximately 430,000 deaths each year. The prevalence of cigarette smoking nationwide among high school students increased during the 1990s, peaking during 1996-1997, then began a gradual decline. Approximately 80% of tobacco users initiate use before age 18 years. If the trend in early initiation of cigarette smoking continues, approximately 5 million children aged <18 years who are living today will die prematurely because they began to smoke cigarettes during adolescence. The economic costs associated with tobacco use ranges from $53 billion to $73 billion per year in medical expenses and $47 billion in lost productivity. Because of these health and economic consequences, CDC has recommended that states establish and maintain comprehensive tobacco-control programs to reduce tobacco use among youth. REPORTING PERIOD: January 2000 through December 2000. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: To assist states in developing and maintaining their state-based comprehensive tobacco prevention and control programs, CDC developed the Youth Tobacco Surveillance and Evaluation System, which includes international, national, and state school-based surveys of middle school and high school students. Two components of this system are discussed in this report--the National Youth Tobacco Survey and the state Youth Tobacco Surveys. The national survey is representative of students in the 50 states and the District of Columbia; 35,828 students in 324 schools completed questionnaires in the spring of 2000. Twenty-nine state surveys were conducted in the spring and fall of 2000; state sample sizes ranged from 583 to 33,586 students. This report summarizes data from the 2000 national survey and state surveys. RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION: Findings from the National Youth Tobacco Survey indicate that current tobacco use ranges from 15.1% among middle school students to 34.5% among high school students. Cigarette smoking is the most prevalent form of tobacco use, followed by cigar smoking and smokeless tobacco use. Approximately one half of current cigarette smokers in middle school and high school report that they usually smoke Marlboro cigarettes. Black students are more likely to smoke Newport cigarettes than any other brand. More than one half of current cigarette smokers in middle school and high school report that they want to stop smoking. Nearly one fourth of middle school and high school students who have never smoked cigarettes are susceptible to initiating cigarette smoking in the next year. Exposure to secondhand smoke (e.g., environmental tobacco smoke) is substantially higher among both middle school and high school students. During the week before the survey, approximately 9 out of 10 current cigarette smokers and one half of never cigarette smokers were in the same room with someone who was smoking cigarettes; and 8 out of 10 current cigarette smokers and 3 out of 10 never cigarette smokers rode in a car with someone who was smoking cigarettes. Approximately 70% of middle school and 57% of high school students who currently smoke cigarettes live in a home where someone smokes cigarettes. Among never cigarette smokers, approximately 3 out of 10 live in a home where someone smokes cigarettes. Approximately 69% of middle school and 58% of high school students aged <18 years who currently smoke cigarettes were not asked to show proof of age when they bought or tried to buy cigarettes. Approximately 8 out of 10 middle school and high school students have seen antismoking commercials. Eight out of 10 middle school students report having seen actors using tobacco on television or in the movies, and approximately 11% of middle school and 16% of high school students who had never used tobacco would wear or use something with a tobacco company name or picture on it. This rate increases to nearly 60% for current tobacco users. PUBLIC | Adolescent, Advertising as Topic, Attitude, Child, Humans, Population Surveillance, Prevalence, Schools, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control/psychology, Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, United States/epidemiology | Read more... | ||||||||||||||
| Water pipes made of copper and concentration of heavy metals | Print(0) | 6869 | Journal Article | 0 | Zeit.Umweltmed. | 2000 | 2000/ | 8 | 5 | 281 | 1436-3208 | Unknown(0) | copper, health hazard, heavy metal poisoning, human, note, pH, risk factor, tube, water analysis, water contamination, water supply | Turkiser schimmer im waschbec ken | Embase | Embase | Read more... | ||||||||||||||||||
| Parental smoking, asthma and wheezing in children and adolescents. Results of S.I.D.R.I.A. Collaborative Group S.I.D.R.I.A (Italian Studies on Respiratory Disorders in Childhood and the Environment) | Print(0) | 2044 | Journal Article | 0 | Epidemiol.Prev. | 1998 | Jul-Sep | 22 | 3 | 146 | 154 | LR: 20151119; JID: 8902507; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish | ITALY | 1120-9763; 1120-9763 | PMID: 9842125 | ita | Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article; IM | Unknown(0) | 9842125 | The relationship between passive smoking and asthma in children and adolescents has been extensively debated. Since cigarette smoking is still widespread in many countries, exposure to passive smoking has a considerable public health importance. We present the results from a large survey conducted in Italy in two random samples of 6-7 yr old children and 13-14 yr old adolescents living in ten areas of Northern and Central Italy (S.I.D.R.I.A.). Standardized questionnaires were filled in by parents of children about respiratory health of their children and their smoking habits. Adolescents filled in a questionnaire about their respiratory health whereas parental smoking data were derived from a questionnaire filled in by parents. Three groups of cases were identified: current asthma, past asthma, and wheeze. Healthy children and adolescents were the control groups. In about 52% of the families at least one parent was a current smoker. Exposure to current smoking increased the risk of current asthma in children. Having both parents smokers increased the risk of current asthma and past asthma. The risk among adolescents were slightly lower with an increased risk of current asthma or wheeze when both parents were smokers. A dose related effect was observed as regards current asthma both in children and adolescents and wheeze in adolescents. Maternal smoking during pregnancy increased the risk of having current asthma and wheeze in children. These results confirm the environmental hazards of parental smoking to respiratory health of children and adolescents, and encourage efforts to reduce smoking in families especially during pregnancy and in infancy. | Adolescent, Age Factors, Asthma/etiology, Child, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Parents, Pregnancy, Respiratory Sounds/etiology, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects | Fumo dei genitori, asma e sibili respiratori in bambini ed adolescenti. I risultati di S.I.D.R.I.A. Gruppo Collaborativo S.I.D.R.I.A. (Studi Italiani sui Disturbi Respiratori nell'Infanzia e l'Ambiente) | Read more... | ||||||||||||
| Vanguard contraceptive users subject of Senegal research | Print(0) | 1242 | Journal Article | 0 | Netw.Res.Triangle Park.N.C. | 1985 | Winter | 6 | 2 | 5 | 7 | LR: 20120817; JID: 9509506; OID: PIP: 029312; OID: POP: 00141163; OTO: PIP; GN: PIP: TJ: NETWORK; ppublish | UNITED STATES | 0270-3637; 0270-3637 | PMID: 12266648 | eng | Comparative Study; Journal Article; J | Unknown(0) | 12266648 | PIP: The 1219 clients who visited 3 family clinics in the Dakar region of Senegal in January and February 1983 were interviewed and information was collected on the clients' sociodemographic characteristics, their contraceptive attitudes, knowledge and practices, and on factors which influenced their decision to use the services of the clinics. 163 of those interviewed were 1st time clinic users. Senegal's population has little knowledge of family planning methods. In 1981 the government repealed the pronatalist laws imposed by the French during the colonial era, and family planning services were only recently made available on a limited basis, primarily in the urban areas of the country. The current study was undertaken by the Division of Demographic Studies in Dakar to identify the characteristics of vanguard contraceptive users. Thhere are only 3 family planning clinics in the Dakar region. They include 1) the private Croix Blue, which has provided services to the middle class since 1964; 2) a government clinic, which has provided free services since 1976; and 3) a clinic established in 1981 by the Family Planning Association of Senegal (ASBEP). These clinics serve about 10% of the city's family planning acceptors. Private physicians and pharmacies serve the remaining 90% of the acceptor population. The interviewed client population of the 3 clinics was very similar. For the 3 clinics, the proportion of never married clients ranged from 9%-10%, the proportion of clients in polygamous marriages ranged from 23%-25%, and the percent of clients under 30 years of age ranged from 35%-65%. The average age at 1st marriage ranged from 17.8-19.1 years, and the average age at 1st pregnancy ranged from 18.4-19.0 years. Average parity varied from 4.1-5.0, the average number of living children ranged from 3.8-4.6, and the average ideal family size ranged from 4.9-5.1. Approximately 30% of the 1219 clients wanted no more children. Most of the clients used no method or only traditional methods prior to their 1st clinic visit. The type of contraceptive provided by the clinics reflected the orientation of clinic personnel rather then the needs of specific clients. For example, 69% of all 1st time visitors to the government clinic were provided with barrier methods, 65% of all 1st time visitors to the ASBEP clinic received IUDs, and 100% of all 1st time visitors to the Croix Blus clinic had IUDs inserted. Most of the clients of the govenment and ASBEP clinics had heard about the clinic from a friend or relative, and only a few were referred to the clinic by a physician. In contrast, 43% of those who used the services of the Croix Blue heard about the clinic from a physician. The interviewees were asked why they thought other women did not avail themselves of the clinics services. 75% attributed nonuse of the clinics either to a lack of knowledge about family planning or to the negative family planning attitudes of husbands. The findings suggest that 1) clinic personnel should make an effort to provide family planning methods in accordance with the needs of each clinic; 2) an informational campaign should be conducted to provide the population with more family planning information and to combat negative male attitudes, and 3) sterilization services should be made more readily available to women who want no more children. | Africa, Africa South of the Sahara, Africa, Northern, Africa, Western, Attitude, Contraception, Contraception Behavior, Data Collection, Delivery of Health Care, Demography, Developing Countries, Economics, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Family Planning Services, Fertility, Government Programs, Health, Health Facilities, Proprietary, Health Planning, Health Services, Information Services, Interviews as Topic, Organization and Administration, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Population, Population Dynamics, Private Sector, Research, Senegal, Sexual Behavior, Statistics as Topic, Acceptor Characteristics, Acceptors, Acceptors, New, Comparative Studies, Contraceptive Usage, Demographic Factors, Economic Factors, Evaluation, Family Planning, Family Planning Programs, French Speaking Africa, Government Sponsored Programs, Iec, Interviews, Macroeconomic Factors, Privately Sponsored Programs, Programs, Qualitative Evaluation, Reproductive Behavior, Research Methodology, Statistical Studies, Studies, Western Africa | Read more... | |||||||||||||
| Railroad installs 1600 foot wastewater line in 3 days | Print(0) | 7073 | Journal Article | WATER SEWAGE WKS | 1975 | 1975/ | 122 | 2 | 74 | 75 | Unknown(0) | This paper briefly details the use of Mono Line, a high density polyethylene waste water pipe, for the new industrial waste line at Milwaukee Railroad's St. Paul, Minn. shops. Mono Line is an engineered pipe with a wall thickness based on internal operating pressures and pipe size. It is a pipe designed for direct burial; a high degree of resistance to chemicals makes it ideal for carrying effluents, waste and sewage. It was particularly suitable for the St. Paul yards installation, since leaching action through the cinder fill set up corrosive sulfuric acid conditions destructive to ordinary pipe material. | environmental health | Embase | Embase | Read more... | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lead in the environment; from where does it come and what becomes of it? | Print(0) | 7079 | Journal Article | 0 | CHEM.WEEKBL. | 1974 | 1974/ | 70 | 8 | M11; M12 | M11; M12 | 0009-2932 | Unknown(0) | Lead has been used by man since earliest historical times. Its present day applications include batteries, roofing, water pipes and radioactive shielding. Lead compounds are used in the paint industry, as additives to gasoline, in the glass industry, in type making and in pesticides. Lead can also be released in the atmosphere through natural means, such as forest fires and volcanic activity. Ten times as much lead arrives in the atmosphere from human activities, and the greatest part originates with the burning of gasoline. Lead exists in the atmosphere in particles. The concept of the Mass Equivalent Diameter (MED) used in measuring these particles is described as the fictitious diameter which is equivalent to the diameter of a pure spherical particle of a mass with the same falling speed as the particle in question. Mobility of these particles in exhaust gases is discussed. Lifetime in the atmosphere is also important, and appears to range from 20 to 40 days. Lead is also released into the soil and waters, and its concentration has increased sharply since World War II as a result of increased gasoline consumption on a world scale. | environmental health | LOOD IN HET MILIEU; WAAR KOMT HET VANDAAN EN WAT GEBEURT ERMEE? | Embase | Embase | Read more... | ||||||||||||||||
| - Prevalence, correlates and patterns of waterpipe smoking among secondary school students in southeast London: a cross-sectional study.; - Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking among Arab Youth; a Cross-Country Study.; - Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking and Susceptibility | Print(0) | 7103 | Generic | - BMC Public Health; - Ethn Dis; - Prev Chronic Dis; - Nicotine Tob Res; - Nicotine Tob Res; - Nicotine Tob Res; - Nicotine Tob Res; - Environ Res; - Tob Control; - Tob Control; - Tob Control; - Tob Control; - Tob Control; - Tob Control; - Tob C(TRUNCATED | - 1; - 1; - 9; - 6; - 5; - e4; - 2; - e4; - 5; - 7 | - 108; - 107; - E24; - 34; - 1120; - 667; - 552; - 568; - e275; - i3; - 125; - i22; - i44; - e264; - 509; - i54; - i13; - i31; - i60; - CD005549 | ID: - 26830194; ID: - 26843803; ID: - 26890407; ID: - 25096252; ID: - 25542922; ID: - 25257982; ID: - 25143297; ID: - 26298558; ID: - 26149455; ID: - 25298368; ID: - 23988862; ID: - 25666550; ID: - 25492935; ID: - 24827977; ID: - 25052859; ID: - 25480544; | - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en; - en | Unknown(0) | - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE; - MEDLINE | - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4736266/?tool=pubmed; - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2770-1; - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4738847/?tool=pubmed; - http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.26.1.107; - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ | Read more... | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gender differences in smoking behavior among adolescents in Saudi Arabia | Print(0) | 2809 | Journal Article | 0 | Saudi Med.J. | 2007 | Jul | 28 | 7 | 1102 | 1108 | LR: 20141120; JID: 7909441; ppublish | Saudi Arabia | 0379-5284; 0379-5284 | PMID: 17603720 | eng | Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM | 20060965' [pii] | Unknown(0) | 17603720 | OBJECTIVE: To describe and assess gender differences in current cigarette smokers' according to certain variables including prevalence, access to tobacco, knowledge and attitude, environmental tobacco smoke, cessation of smoking, tobacco related advertisements, and education on tobacco in school among adolescents in grades 7-12 in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A random sample of schools in Tabuk city was obtained using a 2-stage cluster, in April 2005. A total of 16 governmental schools were selected. Within the schools, 48 classes were selected, targeting grades was 7 to 12. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was used to select 1,505 participants, with 96% response rate. RESULTS: Out of 1,505 students, 22.3% (34% males, 11.1% females) were current cigarette smokers (students who had smoked on one or more days in the 30 days preceding the survey), and 5.8% (11.1% males, 0.7% females) were daily smokers. There were significant gender differences concerning source of cigarettes, usual place of smoke, intensity of smoking, knowledge on addiction of tobacco, exposure to education on tobacco, attitudes, and exposure to tobacco smoke in public places. While no significant gender differences were found with respect to age of initiation, knowledge of health hazards of tobacco, exposure to media, desire to quit, or exposure to tobacco smoke at home. CONCLUSION: For the suppression of the use of tobacco by adolescents in Saudi Arabia differential intervention strategies and policies in males and females are needed, such as reducing youth access to cigarettes-in addition to intensive school and community anti-tobacco programs. | Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Psychology, Adolescent, Saudi Arabia, Sex Factors, Smoking, Smoking Cessation | Abdalla,A. M., Al-Kaabba,A. F., Saeed,A. A., Abdulrahman,B. M., Raat,H. | Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, College of Applied Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 59048 Riyadh 11525, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Abdallaali63@hotmail.com | Read more... | ||||||||||
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